The Toyota Mark II is a mid-size sedan manufactured and marketed in Japan by Toyota between 1968 and 2004. Prior to 1984, the model was marketed as the Toyota Corona Mark II . In some export markets, Toyota marketed vehicles as Toyota Cressida between 1976 and 1992 for four generations. Toyota replaces Cressida in North America with Toyota Avalon.
Each Mark II and Cressida is manufactured at the Motomachi plant in Toyota, Aichi. Cressida name board comes from Trojan characters.
Video Toyota Mark II
Histori
The first series, called the Toyota Corona Mark II were entirely new vehicles in introduction in 1968, which sought to offer cars under Japanese government regulation of maximum vehicle dimensions and engine displacement, allowing the Crown to grow bigger and more luxurious. Using a platform built from the Corona sedan but slightly larger and wider, it's exclusive to Toyopet Store's location, and offered as a competitor to the newly introduced Nissan Laurel in Japan, and the Nissan Bluebird/Datsun 510 international appeared August 1967, and two years after Mazda Luce in 1966.
At Mark II's introduction in the late 1960s, Toyota was known as a small-economy car manufacturer. Mark II allows Toyota to establish itself as a major international automaker and pursue new market opportunities. Corona Mark II is sold as a larger companion to Corona, while still smaller than the Crown. The Mark II introduces a comfortable front-engine vehicle, a rear-rear vehicle that is bigger than the old Toyota while maintaining an affordable price and better fuel economy than a vehicle with a larger six-straight engine and a V8, and sharing most of the technology and his appearance with a larger and more prestigious Crown.
When Mark II began to become popular among drivers around the world, Toyota introduced Mark II variations with two different model names, both sedans but with different styles and marketing approaches. The sporty Toyota Chaser appeared in 1977, and then in 1980, the luxury luxury contents of Toyota Cresta appeared, and both were exclusively shared at Toyota Auto Store Store. When other cars continued to offer vehicles in this size class, the popularity of Mark II peaked in the 1980s. Brothers Mark II, Chaser and Cresta were discontinued due to declining sales, partly influenced by the Japanese recession that began in the early 1990s, and merged into the short-lived Toyota Verossa. Mark II evolved into Toyota Mark X which is still very popular in Japan and chose the international market.
Maps Toyota Mark II
First generation: Toyota Corona Mark II (T60, T70; 1968-1972)
The Corona Mark II, first offered for sale in Japan, September 1968, at the Toyopet Store dealer, is intended as the largest alternative model for the more established luxury sedan, Crown, sold at Toyota. Saving dealers, and the smaller Corona, are also available at Toyopet Store . It was a slightly larger vehicle than the Corona with the higher level of equipment offered at the time, sharing some features of the larger Crown, but taking the top spot in Toyopet Store. In the introduction, Mark II is third in the Toyota sedan hierarchy, under Crown and a newly created V8 engine limousine, called Toyota Century.
The four-door sedan is named T60, and the two-door T70 coupe. In 1970 there was a small change in the front grille. The 7R 1600-cc series engine was replaced by the 1,700 cc 6R series engine. A year later the 1,500cc 2R model was replaced by a 1200cc engine. Competitors especially Nissan Laurel in Japan, released earlier that year in April. In Japan, several trim packages are offered, paired with several engine displacements due to Japan's annual road tax liability. The larger engines are gradually requiring Japanese buyers to pay more taxes, and the level of equipment is gradually being upgraded to justify the costs.
The exported version of the US arrived for the 1969 model and often includes the more powerful R series bikes than any other region. Before the introduction of the US, appeared in South Africa, which was the first market to receive the 1900 cc engine. While Japan and other markets often have 1.5 liter 2R , 1.6 liter 7R / 12R to 1.7 liters 6R models as well. The engine is divided by Corona, with both using 2R , and the 12R machine. The offered transmission is a three-speed automatic transmission for export and two speeds in Japan, or a choice of four or three speed manual transmissions.
RT62 sedan and RT72 coupe featuring a 1.9-liter four-cylinder 8R engine, unique to Mark II. The RT63 sedan, RT73 coupÃÆ'Â ©, and RT78/RT79 station wagon equipped two-cylinder two-cylinder 18R engine, also unique to Mark II. The suspension setting uses double wishbone with coil springs on the front and leaf springs at the rear with a front-engine rear powertrain format.
The Corona Mark II is longer, at 4.295 mm (169.1 in) above the Corona 162.4 in (4,125 mm) length for the sedan, and the coupe, with a width of 1.610 mm (63.4 in) in comparison to 61 in (1.549 mm) for sedan and coupe. The height of Mark II was lower at 1.405 mm (55.3 in) above 1,420 mm (55.9 inches) for sedans, but was higher at 1,374 mm (54.1 in) for the coupà ©.
For North America, the Mark II is available with bucket seats for driver and front passenger, center console with manual mounted transmission on the floor, electric rear window defroster, and full-size external tire fitted and under cargo area on cart, with seat back that folds up into a fully carpeted rear cargo area. The Mark II cart is the largest wagon Toyota has to offer in North America, alongside Corona and Corolla wagons; Crown carts are no longer sold in North America.
< span id = "X10"> Second generation: Toyota Corona Mark II (X10, X20; 1972-1976)
The second generation Corona Mark II is based on a new X series platform that leaves the chassis of the compact Corona T series. X10 is a sedan and wagon, while the X20 is a two-door coupe. The inline six-cylinder "M" engine is borrowed from the S60 Crown series, to compete better with Nissan Bluebird/Datsun 610 in North America, and Nissan Laurel in Japan.
The style used in the second generation is dramatically different from the first, showing similarities with the S60 Crown series. The appearance reflects the popular styling trend that emerged during the 1960s and 1970s internationally, called the "Coke bottle styling" that Toyota adopted for just this generation of Mark II. Versions are sold as carts in the export market, and marketed as vans, intended for commercial use, in the Japanese domestic market. Due to the introduction of the Toyota Hilux pickup truck, the previously offered Mark II pickup was not continued.
Initially only available with 1.7-liter inline-four smallest. All Mark II engines have a top camshaft design, with sporting GSS even featuring a twin-cam design. X10 to 13 are sedans, numbers 16 and 17 are reserved for vans, 20 to 23 for coupà ©, and 26 to 29 for carts. The only exception to this scheme is the RX15 18R-U-engined, which was introduced in June 1976, which received the same chassis code either mounted on hardtop or saloon.
Pilihan mid term:
- I4 1,707 cc 6R (RX10/RX16V/RX20/RX26: 95Ã…, PS (70 kW))
- I4 1,808a, cc 16R (RX11/RX17V/RX21/RX27)
- I4 1.968, cc 18R (RX12/RX22/RX28)
- I4 1.968 cc 18R-G DOHC (RX22 GSS)
- I4 1,968Ã, cc 18R-U (RX15, versa rendah emisi)
- I6 1,988Ã, cc M (MX10/MX20/MX27)
- I6 2,253Ã, cc 2M (MX12/MX22/MX28, hanya expor)
- I6 2,563Ã, cc 4M (MX13/MX23/MX29, hana exporte)
In August 1973, there were minor changes and updates. The basic trim wagon package is offered with a five-speed manual transmission. Electronic fuel injection is introduced on a two-liter four-cylinder (18R) engine to increase power and lower fuel emissions. The four-cylinder 1.707 cc 6R engine is replaced with 1,808 cc 16R. 1.8 was discontinued in October 1975, leaving only two-liter four or six-cylinder engines in the Japanese market. Even after the introduction of the next Mark II, second generation production continued until November 1976.
- North America
The car's Crown line is no longer marketed in North America due to poor sales. This leaves a gap in Toyota North America lined up, offering only a smaller compact car. Second generation Corona Mark II is fortunately increasing in size. Corona Mark II will be one of several plausible options for families switching from larger Detroit American cars amid the oil crisis. In 1974 it was marketed in the US as a fully loaded car with some additional options. Standard features include the SOHC six-cylinder engine, four-speed manual transmission, front disc brakes, defroster heaters, and bucket seats. Some of the options available are cassette player stereo, power steering, AC, and three-speed automatic transmission.
The North American car market had a 2.3 liter M-series "six" when it first went on sale in early 1972, but in August of that year, it was replaced with a larger 2.6 liter 4M unit. Power, initially at 109 hp (81 kW), increased to 123 hp (92 kW). This is the only machine offered for Mark II in the next four years in the North American market.
The third generation was introduced with a more luxurious European type design. The lines are a combination of the previous generation American style with the English-looking front end, while showing the appearance of a new company Toyota with a larger S80 Crown series. In 1978, this model generation was the last car to feature the Toyopet brand name, dropped in 1980. The Toyopet name continues to be used for dealer networks in Japan. Trim Grande was added to the model with a six-cylinder engine. This generation continues to offer alternate Japanese buyers to Nissan Laurel sedans, and Nissan Bluebird new Nissan Maxima based in North America, with the new Chaser as an alternative to Nissan Skyline in Japan. Mark II is divided into two other sedans so they can sell different versions of Mark II at some Toyota dealerships that were established in the 1970s.
Some models have a six-cylinder engine, optionally with electronic fuel injection, borrowed from the larger Crown. For the Japanese market, all Japanese model engines were upgraded with Toyota's TTC-C technology to comply with the Japanese Government's Clean Air Act of 1975. In late October 1977, the 3T-U engine was upgraded to meet the 1978 emissions standards with the help of a lean-burn design. Four-cylinder engines are mostly reserved for cars intended for commercial use. The X30-series chassis number is the original code for the third-generation Mark II, with the X40 number being gradually introduced about half way of life model for cars that could pass the tighter 1978 emission rules.
In 1998, Toyota released a car named ProgrÃÆ'¨s. The ProgrÃÆ'¨s front end looks somewhat like an updated version of the X30/X40 series sedan. For example, both display a combination of round and square illumination. Grille and bonnet also have similar shapes, sizes, and lines.
Chaser
Toyota Chaser was released in 1977 as a competitor to the Nissan Skyline sedan. The Chaser was originally only the rejuvenated Mark II, though the next generation received a more different style. The Chaser idea is to offer Sportier version of Mark II and be sold at different Toyota Japan dealers called Toyota Auto Store , often with more powerful engines and different suspension settings.
Chassis chassis codes are X30, X31, X40 and X41 as two and four-door sedans, with no station wagons or commercial delivery vehicles on offer, unlike Mark II. They are powered by a 4-cylinder engine of 1.8 L 3T-U, 4-cylinder 2.0 L 18R-U and 6-cylinder 2.0 L M-U/M-EU - all single cam machines tuned for economy rather than performance. All models are listed as typical of larger Toyota sedans. To provide buyers with a luxury sport sedan, but it does not incur tax consequences for exceeding dimensional rules, the vehicle is limited to engine size in 2000 cc as well as dimensions under 4.7 m (15.4 ft) long, 1.7 m (5, 6Ã, ft) wide, and 2 m (6.6Ã, ft) high.
Cressida
Corona Mark II was renamed to Toyota Cressida for the export market, and the name Cressida is not used in Japan. Production began in December 1976. The Mark II name was previously identified with the North American Mark of Continents which first appeared in 1956 and the term "Mark" is still associated with Lincoln Motor Company products. It is Toyota's largest sedan and wagon offered in North America, while a private luxury coupe is not offered. In New Zealand, a two-liter four-cylinder sedan version replaces six Crown cylinders in local assembly after the oil crisis of the 1970s prompted the government to impose a 60% sales tax on cars with engines larger than two liters. Some fully-built Crowns are then imported. In other markets, the larger Toyota Crown is also available.
The name "Cressida" comes from the main character in the drama William Shakespeare Troilus and Cressida , inspired by Cressida, a female Trojan character.
Depending on the market being sold, it has a 4M carburetor engine (MX32, MX36), an 18R (RX30, RX32, RX35) or 3T (TX30) engine. The North American model started with a 4M (MX32) carburetor engine but in mid 1978 4M-E fuel injected replaced its carburetor partner - this is one of the first Toyota in the US to use fuel injection. In 1979, the MSRP in the US was US $ 9,190 . In New Zealand, where it is locally assembled and sold in a very specific GL form (replacing the 2.8-liter Crown that has been hit by a high sales tax on a two-liter-plus engine size), it has an 18R engine.
Standard features include AC, automatic transmission (5-speed manual available), power steering, rear seat armrest, AM/FM stereo cassette with amplifier, front seat back, and rear window defroster. Automatic transmission is a four speed overdrive with overdrive locking. The power window is optional. Soundproof is very wide, and Cressida is famous as one of the quietest cars on the road at that time.
In the United Kingdom, Cressida is available in body style sedans and wagons. The only available machine is 18R and there is one trim level, given the badge De Luxe . Contrary to popular belief, it's not the same as the DX specifications on other Toyota cars, but a more upscale version of the DX trim level. Toyota Carina sedans and wagons being sold in the UK today are also labeled as De Luxe (but changed to DX from 1980 and beyond).
Cressidas South Africa all received a 2.0-liter engine 18R , and was introduced in November 1977. This engine was built in South Africa by a subsidiary of Toyota Motor Assemblies. Initially only the full L version was available, with the cheaper semi-deluxe version appearing in the first month of 1978. A station wagon, the first Toyota in South Africa, appeared in August 1978. It was available in semi-deluxe or full deluxe trim, the last just as automatic.
Fourth generation: Toyota Corona Mark II (X60; 1980-1984)
The fourth generation Corona Mark II was introduced in 1980. It is still marked as Corona Mark II but many ads at that time simply call it Mark II. The two-door coupe is no longer offered in this generation, replaced by Soarer, and the fourth generation is only available with four doors, either as a sedan, hardtop, or as a station wagon (mainly marketed as a commercial vehicle in Japan). Power by 1G-EU, Turbocharged M-TEU, 5M-EU, and fuel injection versions of the 18R-G twin-cam are available in GT. 2.2 and 2.4 liter diesel engines from the L family are also available, with turbocharging available for larger engines. In 1982 the 1G-GEU twin-cam engine was added. In 1983 the automatic transmission was converted into four electronically controlled speeds. The top-of-the-line "Grande" version continues to be available, only in combination with more powerful engine options.
Van generally receives a less powerful engine and has very rare equipment, and is shorter than its equivalent passenger car due to the use of a more compact bumper. The Mark II generation includes commercial training vehicles, taxis, and drivers. Mark II is common with a slightly smaller Corona as a taxi.
X60 Mark II introduces the world's first developed voice warning system and is offered as standard. In Indonesia, it was sold as Corona Mark II with 99Ã, PS (73Ã, kW) DIN (105Ã, PS JIS) 21R (RX60) engine started in late 1981.
Cressida
The second generation Cressida, MX63 (sedan, Wagon is MX62), is a significant redesign of the previous generation. Missing is already the coupÃÆ'Â © version, but the newer body styles are for sedans and carts. Changes from the previous generation include a larger engine, now up to 116 hp (87 kW) (and using electronic fuel injection). The 5M-E will power the 1981 and 1982 models before being replaced by the 5M-GE, DOHC engine with a much higher power rating, 143Ã, hp (107 kW) in 1983 and 1984. The North American X60-series Cressidas all received machine versions 2.8-liter inline-six, while in other markets smaller units are often available.
This model was again assembled in New Zealand originally only with two-liter gasoline engine, four-cylinder and five-speed manual transmission or optional three-speed automatic. Different markets receive different bodywork, combining various elements of the Mark II, Chaser, and Cresta variants.
In 1983, Cressida was refreshed and got independent semi-trailing rear suspension, rear disc brake discs, and a 5M-GE engine. Most of these technologies come from Toyota Supra parts with small differences. Five-speed manual transmission is available, but the car equipped with it is much rarer than the automatic version. An electronically controlled A43DE transmission is another enhancement of the previously hydraulically controlled A43DL transmission and has three modes: Power, Normal, and Economy. This iteration is praised for its handling, driving, quiet interiors, and most importantly, its reliability; Cressida quickly gained an overwhelming reputation of ownership.
In August 1983, Toyota chairman Eiji Toyoda started the F1 project ("Featured" and "Vehicle No. 1", or called the "F-Circle" project), a secret effort aimed at producing world-class luxury sedans for the international market.. This leads to the creation of a new full-size luxury sedan designed for the export market and is called the Lexus LS.
The US Market 1981 Cressida was the first car to come with an automatic motorized shoulder harness that wraps around the front seat passenger when the door is closed and the ignition is turned on. All Cressidas US market from 1981 on so equipped.
After a mid-generation facelift, a mid-class specification similar to the one-line original model is offered on the New Zealand assembly model with a four-cylinder engine; the new top version has a two-liter six-cylinder engine, four-speed automatic and air-cooled, being the first Toyota-built Toyota to have 'air' as standard. A large number of four-cylinder automobiles with dealer-installed air conditioners are sold to Hertz Rent-A-Car rental companies. Both engines were under two liters to avoid higher sales tax applied to larger engines in New Zealand at the time.
Chaser
Production switched to Chaser X51 and X61 in 1980, with the addition of a 2.0 L 1G-EU (single cam) and 6G-GE (twincam) 6-cylinder engine. The body style offered is a four-door sedan and a 4-door hardtop, no longer offering a 2-door hardtop with this generation. The "Avante" trim level has a sports suspension set using Michelin tires. This generation saw a new competitor from Nissan called Nissan Leopard with a lower demand price compared to favorite Japanese market, Skyline.
The fifth generation: Toyota Mark II (X70; 1984-1988)
Arriving in August 1984, the fifth generation dropped the name "Corona" in Japan and became the Toyota Mark II. This generation Mark II has many rivals including Nissan Leopard, as well as the traditional competitor of Nissan Laurel sedan. The Mark II continues to remain highly viable for fleet sales, government agencies and taxi services.
There are two different variations of Mark II; Hardtop and Sedan. Visually they are different on the exterior while the interior remains untouched. Exterior changes to the hardtop version include a sloping nose that requires a new grille, a thin headlamp assembly that matches a sloping nose, borderless door windows, thin tail lights, front fenders and bumpers. Stamped body panels are different from the standard version. Standard Version is exactly like the Toyota Cressida MX73. It has no aggressive forward tilt, conservative body panels and framed windows.
The Mark II (and sister car) received a Twin Turbo version of an inline-sixG in October 1985. This powerful engine made previously turbocharged M-TE engines redundant and was discontinued. In August 1986, this range received minor facelift and some technical improvements. The 1.8-liter LPG engine was replaced by a 2-liter version.
Station wagon/van (1984-1997)
The X70 station carts were manufactured from 1984 to 1997 with only a few minor revisions over the years. In most markets, the sale of these wagons was discontinued when the next sedan models were introduced but they continued to be sold in Japan for use as shipping vehicles. It was eventually replaced by a Mark II Qualis front-wheel-drive based on Camry Gracia.
Cressida
In 1984 for the 1985 model, the new Cressida was introduced by Toyota. This is MX73 (MX72 for carts). The 5M-E engine is largely unchanged from the 1984 model but obtains a tap sensor, which detects pre-ignition and timing accordingly when low-level fuel is used. 5M-E SOHC is also available in some markets. Bodystyle is all new, larger, and more aerodynamic than previous generations. Interestingly, like its main competitor at the time, Nissan Maxima, it was given the title of "compact", although it has grown in size. The new options included are electronic shock absorbing controls (TEMS), CD players, super monitors, digital gauges, standard trim woodgrain, and secondary radio controls placed right at the wheel for easy access while driving.
Automatic transmission retains the Normal/Power selector like many other Toyota would, but then in production, the Economic election is dropped. In 1987 the automatic transmission was changed to the A340E which was also used with the 7M-GE engine and the Lexus 1UZ-FE at the time. The 1988 model was not offered with manual transmission and the cart was discontinued in 1987. In 1988, the power output was at 161 hp (120 kW).
The Cressida badge is also used in other export markets with smaller engines. In Indonesia, Cressida GLX-i is available with version 109Ã, PS (80 kW) from 2G 1G-E engine without low emission control and low compression suitable for low octane gasoline.
Chaser
This series first appeared in August 1984. The "Avante" series previously introduced into a luxury upgrade that started with this generation and reduced body style again into a 4-door hardtop only. The car's exterior dimensions are slightly smaller than the Mark II and Cresta twin cars, but Chaser is more performance-oriented, while retaining advanced features and Cresta's luxurious interior. October 1985, the Mark II/Cresta 1G-GTEU vehicle equipped with "GT twin turbo" has emerged. The larger diameter disc brakes are now equipped with bucket seats, but the Toyota TEMS electronic suspension is not installed. Only Chaser "GT twin turbo S" 5-speed MT is only a low-cost upgrade (only initial type.)
A small change in August 1986. The 1G-GEU engine received repairs, while the LPG engine was converted into 3Y-PU, larger bumpers, front grille and deep change, substantial effort was made on the equipment. Very popular in the initial rear combination lamp is stored for small changes. January 1987 Special Edition "Lordly" was released, in May 1987 the special edition of "Chaser Avante" was released. Special Edition August 1987 "New Extra XG Chaser" was released. In September 1987, 2L and 2L-T diesel engines now meet passenger car emission standards in 1986. In January 1988 a special edition of "Avante Supra" was released as a companion for the third generation Supra. The special edition of April 1988 "with the addition of XG Auto Air Conditioner" was launched.
The sixth generation: Toyota Mark II (X80; 1988-1996)
First released in August 1988, Mark II is no longer a top-class sedan at the Toyopet Store location in Japan with the introduction of Toyota Celsior October 9, 1989. Cressida Australia was withdrawn from sales in early 1993 on the X80 series so as not to compete with the new widebody Camry-Vienta , and Lexus ES300 and LS400. Cressida North America was replaced by the first Toyota Avalon designed for America, which was introduced as Toyota's new North American large sedan. The Grande G series uses the 3.0L 7M-GE engine, and features traction and ABS controls. In 1990, 1JZ-GE and 1JZ-GTE (280 PS) were introduced, replacing 1G-GZE. The GT model is only available with automatic transmission. All six-cylinder X80 models use independent rear suspension, while the four-cylinder model has a solid rear axle.
After 1992, the X80 series continued to be produced for taxi fleet vehicles until 1995, when Crown Comfort assumed the duty of a taxi.
Cressida
Toyota introduced the fourth generation of the slightly larger Cressida, MX83 , in 1988 for the 1989 model - the last generation for Cressida in North America.
Standard features include a new, more powerful 3.0 liter six straight 7M-GE engine producing 190 hp (140 kW) at 6,000 rpm and 185 lb-ft (250 Nm) at 4,400 rpm. Like the powertrain, most other mechanics are modified versions of them in Supra, especially the new double wishbone rear suspension. Standard equipment includes power windows and locks, cruise control, telescope tilting steering, and four-speed automatic transmission. Options include antilock brakes, power driver seats, leather seats, power moonroof, and CD player. This generation Cressidas sold in North America features automatic motorized seat belts; airbag was never offered.
Cressida was praised for his comfortable and quiet riding, graceful rear wheel handling, high mileage for his class (23 mpg average [US] according to Consumer Reports July 1989), and star reliability. Weaknesses include rather uncomfortable rear seats, deteriorated ride quality with full passenger load, and luggage with only 12.5 cubic feet of space.
The most substantive changes are the 1990 facelift for the 1991 model, which brings a bright rim, a redesigned grille containing the new Toyota "T" logo, and simplified climate control.
In the Middle East, Cressida has a 2.4 liter 22r engine producing 108 hp (81 kW) at 6,000 rpm. Another available machine is a 2.8 liter 5M, which produces 103 kW (140 PS, 138 hp) at 4,800 rpm and 226 Nm at 3,600 rpm using leaded gasoline available in the region at that time. At its peak, Cressida is so popular in the Middle East that almost every five of the 10 cars are Cressida. It's popular both as a taxi and a personal buyer because of its exceptional reliability, robust body panels, cheap parts and a relatively comfortable ride. Cressida was sold until the end of 1995 in the Middle East with the Camry soon positioned as the successor.
In Australia, Cressida was sold from April 1977 to February 1993, when it was replaced by Vienta (and later Avalon in full-size brackets).
The Cressida also played a role in the design of the first Lexus model, most similar to the LS 400. However, several concepts and commonalities shared between Cressida and early Lexus models in turn led to the decision to eventually stop Cressida in most markets, as it would overlap with sold vehicles under the Lexus marque. The 1992 redesign of the Camry and the introduction of the XLE V6 model helped to close the Cressida market as well, despite the fact that it is a more economy-oriented and front-wheel-drive vehicle, while Cressida is a high-end and rear-wheel drive.
The introduction of Toyota Avalon in the American market in 1995 filled the void left by Toyota Cressida's cancellation in 1992. Avalon is a full-size front-wheel drive car, powered by a V6 engine, as the third-generation Camry remains in the mid-market but has now grown in proportion to be classified as medium size. Cressida is a mid-level rear-wheel drive car at the top with a straight six engine, because the second-generation Camry in the mid-market is still classed as a compact car in the early 1990s. Lexus GS, introduced in 1993 - a year after Cressida's suspension - can also be considered a spiritual successor to Cressida, as a medium-sized rear-wheel drive Toyota luxury vehicle with strong kinship with Toyota Supra and also derived from the shortened version of the Toyota Crown platform.
Seventh Generation: Toyota Mark II (X90; 1992-1996)
The redesigned Mark II was released in October 1992, called the X90 series. It receives a new front bumper (including a grill), rear bumper and tail lights and some weight mainly due to regulation. Mark II has also grown. Under Japan's exterior dimension rules, this series is no longer considered a "compact car". Buyers who want a sedan that remains under the guidelines are now served by the Toyota Camry SV30 1990 series. Toyota added a new sedan, called the Toyota Scepter with the main difference as a front-wheel-drive powertrain. The styling of this generation shows the corporation's similarity with Toyota Windom, which is exclusive to the Toyota Corolla Store location. The Mark II sedan (and wagon and van X70) is planned to sell about 14,000 units per month, while the sister model of Cresta and Chaser is expected to have monthly sales of 7,000 and 6000 units respectively.
The X90 series is available in six different trim levels. All trim comes standard with fully automatic air conditioning and interior panels of artificial wood. GL base is available in standard or automatic with choice of diesel engine or four-cylinder gasoline. A slightly superior groove in the market has the same engine and transmission options as the GL with more standard features than the lower ones. The diesel engine is now equipped with electronic fuel injection and has lower NO x emissions.
The next four trim levels only show six per second gasoline for the engine and rear or rear wheel drive. Grande is available with 2.0L 1G-FE or 2.5L 1JZ-GE and either a four speed manual or a 5 speed for Mark II Grandes equipped with 1G. Grande is otherwise identical to Groire in terms of options and equipment. Grande G is available with the same 1JZ or 3.0L 2JZ-GE mated to an automatic transmission and comes with standard ABS and traction controls.
The Tourer S comes with a 1JZ-GE engine, 4-speed automatic and some standard good options (such as ABS and control) or absent (factory limited-slip differential) either on the Grande or Grande G.
Finally, Tourer V has a reinforced body, sports suspension, and twin-turbo 280 horsepower (210-kW) 2.5 liter 1JZ-GTE inline-six engine. It also comes from factory with traction control, ABS, optional torsen LSD and optional 5-speed manual transmission. The Mark II Tourer V is a popular choice among tuners, fans, and drifter.
The hardtop approach is used on Toyota's core sedan segments by offering a more advanced hardtop version. These cars are offered for consumers who want a luxury approach offered by Toyota Crown hardtop and sedan, as well as Mark II (four-door hardtop), Cresta (four-door sedan) and Chaser (improved hardtop performance and four-door performance), and segments next at Corona and Carina, called Toyota Corona EXiV and Toyota Carina ED, with Toyota Corolla Ceres and Toyota Sprinter Marino in the lowest segment, all offered at a discount and tax liability based on the size of the vehicle. Various versions are sold at Toyota dealerships dedicated to specific models.
Eighth generation: Toyota Mark II (X100; 1996-2000)
Like its predecessor, the Toyota Mark II X100 series is available in several trim levels. New to this production is the introduction of all-wheel drive to Grande and Grande G and the use of Toyota's new VVTi system on its engine. Also new is the ABS standardization and new electronic traction control system. Groire trim levels were also dropped for this production.
The GL base comes with only 2.4-liter 2L-TE turbo-diesel straight-four mated to a four-speed automatic. It comes with basic features like power windows and door locks and automatic air conditioning, but the sporty option is only available on higher trim levels. However, traction and ABS controls are available as an option.
Grande trim levels have many options and features available are endless but include tilt-steering, standard ABS, traction control and AWD. The basic Grande is powered by a 2.0-liter 1G-FE inline-six mated to a 5-speed automatic transmission or 4-speed automatic, 2.4 liter 2L-TE mated to a four-speed automatic from GL or 2.5 liter 1JZ-GE, automatic four-speed switch. New for the year of the year is Grande Four: Grande four-wheel-drive variant, it's powered by 1JZ-GE and mated to a 4-speed automatic transmission that sends power to all wheels through the differential center. Grande G version is available with 1JZ- or 2JZ-GE and 4-speed automatic. The "G packs" include leather affect for steering and seat as well as power front seats. A Grande G Four is also offered with a 1JZ engine, 4-speed automatic transmission and all-wheel drive.
Tourer trim levels are performed from the X90 series in both Tourer S and Tourer V. The Tourer S is powered by 1JZ-GE which is naturally paved and mated to 4-speed automatic. The Tourer V received several noticeable tweaks from its X90 series: along with ETCS and VVTi implementations, the engine now receives forced induction through a large turbocharger compared to two smaller ones in parallel configurations. According to Toyota, this paved the torque curve that allows the engine to deliver more torque at a lower RPM and with VVTi, improving the fuel economy of the car.
Mark II Qualis
So, to continue offering the Mark II customer the option to purchase a station wagon at Toyopet Store location, Toyota introduced the Mark II Qualis Toyota which is almost identical to the Camry-based station wagon called Camry Gracia. The Gracia is exclusive to the Toyota Corolla Store location next to Camry.
the ninth generation: Toyota Mark II (X110; 2000-2007)
The last generation Mark II is hosting some new technology for Toyota. The new 2.5L with 1JZ-FSE designation is the first Direct Injection application for mass production on Toyota passenger vehicles. This version of the JZ series engine has a redesigned head to optimize fuel economy and performance. Together with 1JZ-FSE, 1G-FE, 1JZ-GE and 1JZ-GTE are available and all with VVT-i technology. The Mark II generation also hosts the new feature of Navi call AI-shift, which uses GPS signals and shifts the automatic transmission to the appropriate gear.
The X110 series discontinues the hardtop version that supports the standard version.
During this time, Toyota has suspended the Chaser and Cresta nameplate and created Verossa. Toyota has also eliminated Tourer S and Tourer V and instead calls their sportier version 2.5 Grande iR-S and 2.5 Grande iR-V, respectively. iR means Smart quickly. Other models include 2.0 Grande, 2.5 Grande, 2.5 Grande G, 2.5 Grande G-tb, 2.5 Grande G Four, 2.0 Grande Four, and 2.0 Grande Four "S packages" all of which is their luxury lineup.
Small changes were made in 2002. The new headlamps, grille and re-design bumper refresh the front end while new rear light designs and new chrome trims for luggage handles complete the rear. Introduction of the iR 2.0L class is added in addition to iR-S and iR-V. The G-tb model was discontinued for the 2.0L iR model. Another model introduced by Toyota for Mark II is their special edition, Regalia, which marks the 35th anniversary of the Mark II nameplate.
Mark II Blit
Mark II Blit is a version of X110 Mark II wagon. It serves as a replacement for the Toyota Mark II Qualis, and shares the platform with the Mark II rear wheel drive sedan. Blit was introduced in January 2002 after Crown Estate and Caldina wagon ended production in June 2007 due to consolidation efforts. Blit is back to Mark II platform with rear wheel drive with optional AWD and not a cart version of the Camry front wheel. Blit uses a straight-six engine with optional turbo discontinued in May 2006. The engines used are 2.0 L 1G-FE, 2.5L 1JZ-FSE, 2.5L 1JZ-GE, and 2.5D L turbocharged 1JZ -GTE.
Mark II Blit exclusively for Toyota Japan dealers Toyopet Store which continues to offer Mark II at station wagon.
Sales
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments