For Your Eyes Only is the British spy film 1981, the twelfth in the James Bond series produced by Eon Productions, and the fifth for starred Roger Moore as James Bond's fictional MI6 agent. It marks the debut of director John Glen, who has worked as editor and director of the second unit in three other Bond films.
The scenario by Richard Maibaum and Michael G. Wilson takes on character and combines elements of the plot of two short stories from Ian Fleming's collection For Your Eyes Only: the title of the story and "Risico". In the plot, Bond tries to find a missile command system while being tangled in a network of spinning scams by rival Greek businessmen along with Melina Havelock, a woman who seeks to avenge the killing of her parents. Some of the writing elements are inspired by Live and Let Die's Goldfinger and At Her Majesty's Secret Service .
After a science fiction focusing on Moonraker, the producers wanted to return to the original Bond film style and the works of the creators of Fleming 007. For Your Eyes Only follow a more gritier, more realistic approach and the narrative theme of revenge and its consequences. The shooting locations included Greece, Italy and England, while underwater footage was shot at The Bahamas.
For Your Eyes Only was released on June 24, 1981, ten years after the release of Diamonds Are Forever (1971), to a mixed critical reception; the film was financially successful, generating $ 195.3 million worldwide. This is the last Bond film distributed only by United Artists; the studio joined Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer soon after the movie was released.
Video For Your Eyes Only (film)
Plot
The British information-gathering vessel St Georges, which holds the Automatic Targeting Attack Communicator (ATAC), the system used by the Department of Defense to communicate with and coordinate the Royal Navy's Polines submarine submarine, was drowned after accidentally netted a an old naval mine in the Ionian Sea. MI6's James Bond agent was ordered by Defense Secretary Sir Frederick Gray and MI6 Chief of Staff Bill Tanner to take ATAC before the Soviets, as the transmitter could order an attack by a Polaris ballistic missile.
The head of the KGB, General Gogol, also knows the fate of St Georges and has informed his contacts in Greece. A marine archaeologist, Sir Timothy Havelock, who was asked by the British to secretly search for St. Georges, was killed with his wife by a Cuban assassin Hector Gonzales. Bonds go to Spain to find out who hired Gonzales.
While spying on Gonzales villas, Bond is captured by his men, but manages to escape because Gonzales is killed by an arrow bolt. Outside, he finds the killer is Melina Havelock, daughter of Sir Timothy, and both run away. With the help of Bond, Q uses computerized technology to identify Bond men looking to pay Gonzales as Emile Leopold Locque, and then go to Locque probability base in Cortina, Italy. There Bond met with his contacts, Luigi Ferrara, and a good Greek businessman and intelligence informant, Aris Kristatos, who told Bond that Locque was employed by Milos Columbo, known as the Dove in the underworld of Greece, Kristatos during the Second World War. After Bond went with Kristatos' gÃÆ' Â © gÃÆ' Â © e, figure skater Aunt Dahl, to a biathlon course, a group of three men, including East German biathlete Eric Kriegler, chased after Bond, trying to kill him. Bonds escaped and then went with Ferrara to say goodbye Aunt in the ice rink, where she fended off another attempt on her life by the men in ice hockey equipment. Ferrara was killed in a Bond car, with a dove pin in his hand. Bond then travels to Corfu to catch up with Columbo.
There, at the casino, Bond meets Kristatos and asks how to meet Columbo, not knowing that the Columbo man is secretly recording their conversation. After Columbo and his lover, Countess Lisl von Schlaf, argues, Bond offers to escort his home with the car and driver Kristatos. The two then spent the night together. In the morning Lisl and Bond were ambushed by Locque and Lisl was killed. Bonds captured by Columbo man before Locque can kill him; Columbo then informs Bond that Locque is actually employed by Kristatos, who works for KGB to take ATAC. Bond accompanied Columbo and his crew in an attack on one of the wines of the Kristatos opium processing in Albania, where Bond unveiled a sea mine similar to a ship that drowned St Georges, indicating that it was not an accident. After the base is destroyed, Bonds chases Locque and kills him.
After that, Bond meets Melina, and they restore ATAC from St Georges' junk, but Kristatos waits for them when they show up and she takes ATAC. After both escaped the assassination attempt, they found the meeting point of Kristatos when the Melina parrot repeated the phrase "ATAC to St Cyril's". With the help of Columbo and his men, Bond and Melina enter St Cyril's, a monastery on an abandoned mountain peak. When Columbo confronts Kristatos, Bond kills Biathlete Kriegler.
We have gone as far as possible into space. We need change, go back to Bond grass roots. We want to make a new movie more as a thriller than a chase, without forgetting what makes Bond famous - his humor.
For Your Eyes Only marks a change in the production crew: John Glen is promoted from his role as film editor for director, the position he will occupy for the next four films. The transition in the director results in a stronger director style, with little emphasis on gadgets and large action sequences in the big arena (as Lewis Gilbert likes). Emphasis is placed on the tension, plot and character in addition to returning to a more serious Bond root, while For Your Eyes Only "shows a clear effort to activate some inactive and inactive parts of Bond mythology."
The film is also a deliberate attempt to bring this series back to the real world, following the success of Moonraker in 1979. As co-author Michael G. Wilson put it, "If we pass through Moonraker everything will be more strange, so we have to get back to the basics. " To that end, the story appears more simply, not the one in which the world is at risk, but returns the series to the Cold War film series; Bonds will also rely more reasonably than gadgets to survive. Glen decided to symbolically symbolize it with a scene where Bond's Lotus exploded and forced 007 to rely on the more modest Melina CitroÃÆ'¡n 2CV. Because Ken Adam was busy with Pennies from Heaven, Peter Lamont, who had worked in the art department since Goldfinger, was promoted to a production designer. Following Glen's suggestion, Lamont created a realistic scene, rather than the complicated pieces for the familiar series.
Write
Richard Maibaum once again became the scriptwriter for the story, aided by Michael G. Wilson. According to Wilson, the ideas of the story can come from anyone because the outline is organized into committees that could include Brokoli, Maibaum, Wilson and action coordinators. Most of the inspiration for the story for the film comes from two short stories of Ian Fleming from the collection For Your Eyes Only : Risico and Just For Your Eyes Only I. Another set-piece of the Live and Let Die novel - keelhauling - which is not used in a movie of the same name, is also inserted into the plot. Other ideas from Fleming are also used in For Your Eyes Only , such as Identigraph which comes from Goldfinger's novel , which was originally called "Identicast". These elements of the Fleming story are mixed with the Cold War story centered on MacGuffin from ATAC. The initial treatment for "For Your Eyes Only" was proposed by Ronald Hardy, a novelist and screenwriter of the United Kingdom in 1979. Hardy's care included the involvement of a character named Julia Havelock whose parents were killed by a man named Gonzales.
For Your Eyes Only are recorded for the pre-titled sequence, which are described in various ways as "out of place and disappointing" or "great fun." The scene was photographed to introduce a potential new Bond to the audience, thus connecting the new actor with elements from the previous Bond film (see casting, below).
This sequence begins with Bond putting flowers in his wife's Tracy Bond grave, before the Universal Export helicopter picks it up for emergencies. The helicopter control was taken over by a remote control by a balding man in a gray Nehru jacket with a white cat. The character is unnamed in either film or credit, although he looks and sounds like Ernst Stavro Blofeld as played by Donald Pleasence or Telly Savalas. Director John Glen refers to the identity of criminals indirectly: "We just let people use their imagination and draw their own conclusions... It is a legal thing". This character is intentionally not mentioned because of copyright restrictions with Kevin McClory, who owns the movie rights for Thunderball , which should include the characters Ernst Stavro Blofeld, SPECTER organization, and other materials related to the development of Thunderball . Eon disputes McClory's ownership of the Blofeld character, but decides not to use it again: the scene is "Broccoli's deliberate statement about the lack of need to use character."
Casting
Roger Moore originally signed a three-movie deal with Eon Productions, which included his first three appearances to The Spy Who Loved Me . After this, actors negotiate contracts based on film-by-film. The uncertainty surrounding his involvement in For Your Eyes Only considers retirement at age, causing other actors to be considered taking over, including Lewis Collins, who is known in the UK for his role as Bodie at The Professionals ; Ian Ogilvy, like Moore is well known for his role in Return of the Saint ; Michael Billington, who previously appeared on The Spy Who Loved Me as XXX's prohibited lover Agen (Billington's screen test for For Your Eyes Only was one of five occasions he auditioned for the role of Bond) and Michael Jayston, who has emerged as an eponymous spy on the English TV series Quiller (Jayston eventually played Bond in the production of BBC Radio You Only Live Twice in 1985 ). Timothy Dalton was strongly considered but Dalton refused, because he did not like the direction the series took at the time. Finally, this becomes meaningless because Moore agrees to play Bond once more.
Bernard Lee died in January 1981, after filming started on For Your Eyes Only , but before he could film his scene as M, head of MI6, as he did in the previous eleven films of the series. Out of respect, no new actor was hired to take over the role and, on the contrary, the script was rewritten so the character was said to be on leave, letting Chief of Staff Bill Tanner take over the role of acting head of MI6 and briefing Bond with the Minister of Defense.
Chaim Topol was casted following advice from Broccoli's wife, Dana, while Julian Glover joins the cast as producers feel he's stylish - Glover even considered playing Bond at some point, but Michael G. Wilson stated that "when we first thought he was too young, and at For Your Eyes Only he is too old "Carole Bouquet is a suggestion from publisher Art Society Jerry Juroe, and after Glen and Broccoli see it in the Intangible Object Go, they leave to Rome to invite Bouquet for the role of Melina.
Filming
Production For Your Eyes Only started on September 2, 1980 in the North Sea, with three days filming an exterior scene with St Georges . The interior was shot later at Pinewood Studios, as well as the ship's explosion, which was done with a miniature in the Pinewood tank at 007 Stage. On September 15, major photography began in Corfu at Villa Sylva in Kanoni, above Corfu Town, which acts as the location of a Spanish villa. Lots of local houses painted white for scenographic reasons. Glen chose to use local slopes and olive trees for a chase scene between the people of Melina CitroÃÆ'¡n 2CV and Gonzalez who drove the Peugeot 504. The scene was shot in twelve days, with stunt driver RÃÆ' Â © Julienne I - who will remain in series up to GoldenEye - driving CitroÃÆ'Â · n. Four 2CV is used, with modifications to stunts - all have four more powerful engines, and one receives a special rotating plate on its roof so it can be reversed.
In the filming of October moved to other Greek locations, including MetÃÆ'Â ora and Achilleion. In November, the main unit moved to England, which included interior work at Pinewood, while the second unit shot underwater scenes in the Bahamas. On January 1, 1981, production was transferred to Cortina d'Ampezzo in Italy, where the filming was wrapped in February. Not snowing in Cortina d'Ampezzo at the time of filming, the producers had to pay trucks to carry snow from nearby mountains, which were then dumped on city streets.
Many underwater scenes, especially those involving close-up images of Bond and Melina, are falsified on a dry sound stage. The combination of lighting effects, slow motion photography, wind and bubbles added in postproduction, illuminates that the actors are under water. Actress Carole Bouquet is reported to have an existing health condition that prevents her from doing the underwater action. The aquatic scene was performed by a team led by Al Giddings, who previously worked at The Deep, and filmed in one of the Pinewood tanks at 007 Stage or a set underwater built in the Bahamas. Production designer Peter Lamont and his team developed two props that worked for Neptune's submarines, as well as fake-based imitations.
Roger Moore was reluctant to film the Bond scene kicking the car, with Locque inside, on the edge of the cliff, saying that it was "like a Bond, but unlike Roger Moore Bond." Michael G. Wilson later said that Moore should be convinced to be more cruel than to feel comfortable. Wilson also added that he and Richard Maibaum, along with John Glen, played with other ideas around the scene, but in the end everyone, even Moore, agreed to do the scene as originally written.
For the Meteora shoot, a Greek bishop was paid to allow for the filming of monasteries, but the self-centered Orthodox monks were largely critical of the rolling production at their plant. After the court in the Greek Supreme Court, it was decided that the only property of the monks were the interior - the exterior and the surrounding landscape were from the local government. In protest, the monks remained sealed inside the monastery during filming, and attempted to sabotage as much production as possible, hanging their washes out of their windows and covering the main monastery with bunting and plastic flags to damage the shot, and placing the oil drums to prevent the film crew from landing the helicopter. The production team solved the problem with back lighting, matte paintings, and built two similar scenographic monasteries on an unoccupied empty rock, and a set of monasteries at Pinewood.
Roger Moore said he was very afraid of heights, and to make the climb in Greece, he was forced to drink enough to calm his nerves. Later in the same sequence, Rick Sylvester, a stuntman who had previously made a pre-credit ski jump at The Spy Who Loved Me , performed Bond acrobats that fell from the side of the cliff. The action is dangerous, because the rope suddenly at the bottom can be fatal. The special effects watchdog Derek Meddings developed a system that would reduce the cessation, but Sylvester recalled that his nerves were almost better than him: "From where we [shoot], you can see the local cemetery, and the [box to stop me fall] look like a coffin. You do not have to be an English department to connect the dots. "The action exploded without any problems.
Bond veteran cameraman and professional skier Willy Bogner, Jr. was promoted to director of the second unit involving ski recordings. Bogner designed a ski hike on the Cortina d'Ampezzo bobsleigh track in hopes of surpassing his work in both At Your Glorious Service and The Spy Who Loved Me . To allow for better film-making, Bogner developed a system in which he attached to bobsleigh, allowing to film vehicles or behind him, and a ski set that allowed him to ski back and forth to get the best shot. In February 1981, on the last day of the bobsleigh chase, one of the stuntmen riding a sled, the 23-year-old Paolo Rigon, was killed when he was trapped under the bob.
The pre-credit order used the church at Stoke Poges as a grave, while a helicopter scene was filmed at the abandoned Beckton Gas Works in London. Gas works also locations for some 1987 Stanley Kubrick films, Music
Score For Your Eyes Only was written by Bill Conti, who retained a number of brass elements influenced by John Barry in the score, but also added elements of dance music and funk music. While one reviewer observes that "Bill Conti's score is the source of constant distraction", others claim that "Ultimately, For Your Eyes Only stands as one of the best James Bond films of the 1980s."
The title track, written by Conti and Michael Leeson, is sung by Sheena Easton, who holds the distinction of being the first title song artist to appear on screen in the Bond film, as designer Maurice Binder liked the Easton appearance and decided to add it to the opening credits. The filmmakers wanted Blondie to do the title song: the band wrote a song called "For Your Eyes Only", but decided to turn down the offer when they found the producer wanting Conti's song recordings instead. Blondie's song can be found on their 1982 album, The Hunter .
Maps For Your Eyes Only (film)
Release and acceptance
For Your Eyes Only premiered at Odeon Leicester Square in London on June 24, 1981 , set an all-day opening record for every movie in any theater in the UK. with gross of £ 14.998 (Ã, £ 52,756 in pound 2016). The film continued its general release in the UK on the same day. For Your Eyes Only premiered in North America in Canada and the US on Friday 26 June, in about 1,100 theaters.
The film grossed $ 54.8 million in the United States (equivalent to $ 101.5 million in 2011 ticket prices or $ 148 million in 2017 dollars, adjusted for general inflation) and $ 195.3 million worldwide, becoming the best-selling movie second highest after its predecessor, Moonraker . This is the last James Bond film to be released only by United Artists, because at the moment its owner Transamerica Corporation completed the sale of the brand to MGM. After the merger of MGM and United Artists, it then runs including future entries released under "MGM/UA Distribution Co".
The promotional cinema poster for the film features a woman holding a crossbow; he was photographed from behind, and his clothes left the bottom of his open ass. The effect is achieved by having a model wearing a pair of inverted bikinis, so that the part visible on the back is the front of the suit. The poster caused some excitement - mostly in the US - with the The Boston Globe and the Los Angeles Times assuming the poster was so unsuitable that they edited everything above the knee while the editor < i> Pittsburgh Press painted a pair of shorts on the legs. There was significant speculation about the model's identity before photographer Morgan Kane identified himself as Joyce Bartle.
A number of merchandising items were issued to coincide with the film, including 007 digital clock and a copy of Melina's CitroÃÆ'¡n 2CV by Corgi Toys. CitroÃÆ'¡n itself produces a special "007" edition of 2CV, which even has a decorative bullet hole in the door. Marvel Comics is also doing comic book adaptation (see below).
Contemporary review
Derek Malcolm at The Guardian did not like the movie, saying it was "too long... and pretty boring between the action", although he admitted that the stunt was of high quality. According to Malcolm, Bond "inhabits more or less fantasy land without bloodshed, immaculate sex and masked naivety as superior sophistication", with Moore playing it as if in a "well-lubricated daze". Although Malcolm gave the film a tip for international box office success, he observed that he "can not see why this series lasts so long and is so strong in people's affection." Writing in The Observer , Philip French commented that "not for the first time a pre-credit sequence is the best thing about this movie." French underestimates Moore's Bond, saying that Bond is "imitated by Moore" and refers to the years of Moore's progress.
Ian Christie, writing on the Daily Express, said it was not "a lot of plots, but has a touch of credibility that is a welcome change from some of its predecessors." Overall, Christie thought, "For Your Eyes Only" is "one of the better Bonds, with a fine balance between humor and joy and the usual pretty girl association." Colleague Christie on Sunday Express, Richard Barkley praised the movie, saying that "For Your Eyes Only" is one of the most interesting. " Barkley describes Moore's Bond as a "quiet debonair and calm authority". All told, Barkley thinks "Bond movie is destroying entertainment."
David Robinson, writing in The Times bewailed the fact that "the dramatic pieces between the set pieces are not very meaningful." Like any other criticism at that time his praise was more directed towards the cast members; they are "better than before in this one." The movie critic for Time Out magazine is short and succinct: "no plot and bad dialogue, and Moore is really old enough to be the girl's uncle."
For the US press, Gary Arnold in The Washington Post considers the film "easily denied the eye", and further adds "it might be too easy to prevent wandering minds and sagging eyelids." Arnold is also critical of the big set piece, calling them "slower than sensational" and that there is "no equivalent to the classic highlights of action that can be easily recalled from" From Russia, With Love "or" You Only Live Twice "or" The Spy Who Loved Me "or" Moonraker . "This is Bond waiting for something who inspired him to push it from above. " The New York Times of critics Vincent Canby says that" For Your Eyes Only is not the best of the series with a long shot "even though he says that this movie "slippery entertainment" with a "consistent comic tone even when the material is not."
Jack Kroll at Newsweek dissolved the film, saying it was "an anthology of action episodes held together by a thin line of storyline", although he admits that these pieces are "remarkable in their incredible energy absurd. ". "For magazine Time, Richard Corliss concentrated on the action, saying the team" has found some excellent optional features for For Your Eyes Only "while also commenting on Roger Moore, saying that" Her handsome mannequin look and dozens of fruits "shows her to be" the best-geared gear in this perpetual motion machine. "Jay Scott of The Globe and Mail put it on the worst movie list of the year, calling it "repellant" and "ambitiously bad".
French filmmaker Robert Bresson admired the film. "It amazes me because of the cinematographic writing... if I can see it twice in a row and again the next day, I'll do it." Elsewhere Bresson says he also likes the movie ski chase.
Reflective review
Opinions on For Your Eyes Only have not changed as time goes by and reviews are still mixed: in October 2015, the film holds a 74% 'fresh' rating from Rotten Tomatoes, which is ranked twelfth among 22 films Bond. Ian Nathan of Empire gave the film only two out of five possible stars, noting that the movie "still ranks as one of the most forgotten Bonds in the record." In 2006, IGN selected For Your Eyes Only as the sixth best Bond film, claiming it was "a good old-fashioned espionage story", a placement shared by Norman Wilner of MSN, who considered it "a Moore seems to reach back to Connery's heyday ", and Entertainment Weekly chose it as the 10th best in 2008, saying it was" back to low and low tech Bonds [with] Ã,... some of the best action from the start ". In October 2008 Time Out released a review of For Your Eyes Only and observed that the movie was "awesome in intent" but it "feels a bit spare", mostly because the plot has "releasing bells and whistles that mark the franchise".
James Berardinelli writes that the film is "a solid adventure, though that could be better", while Danny Peary thinks "There are exciting moments, but most of it is standard Bond tariffs," continues to illustrate for For Your Eyes Just as "an attempt to mix the spectacles with an unbelievable storyline from the early Bond film... it's fun when you watch it.Then it's one of the most easily forgotten of the Bonds. Raymond Benson, author of nine Bond novels, thinks For Your Eyes Only is Roger Moore's best Bond movie.
Although Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly put Carole Bouquet as Melina as the "worst Babe" of the seven Roger Moore James Bond movies, his partner Joshua Rich disagrees, placing him tenth overall 10 Best Bond Girls lists of 21 films which was released until then. Entertainment Weekly also put Lynn-Holly Johnson as Aunt Dahl as the ninth in the list of 10 worst Bond girls out of 21 films that have been released. After 20 films were released, IGN ranked Bouquet as the fifth in their top 10 Bond Babies list, and The Times thought he was sixth in the list of 10 most fashionable Bond girls after 21 films had been released.
Accolades
The song "For Your Eyes Only" was nominated for Best Original Song at the 39th Golden Globe Awards and Best Original Song at the 1981 Academy Awards, losing both ceremonies to "Arthur's Theme" from Arthur
Comic book customization
As part of the merchandising of For Your Eyes Only, Marvel Comics publishes an adaptation of the film as the 19th edition of Marvel Comics Super Special ; is also repackaged as an adaptation of two comic books from the film. The first edition was released in October 1981 and soon followed by the second edition in November of the same year. This adaptation was written by Larry Hama, written by Howard Chaykin, written by Vincent Colletta, and edited by Dennis O'Neil.
It was the second film in the comic-book series, following Dr. No comic in 1962. Marvel Comics will continue to publish the Octopussy comic adaptation in 1983.
See also
- James Bond Outline
References
Source
External links
- Just For Your Eyes on Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's site
- Just For Your Eyes on IMDb
- Just For Your Eyes in the TCM Movie Database
- Just For Your Eyes on AllMovie
- Just For Your Eyes at Rotten Tomatoes
- Just For Your Eyes on Box Office Mojo
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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